A teaching plan for a patient with diabetes who has sensory foot risk should include which key point?

• A. Clean and inspect your feet every day
• B. Be sure that your shoes fit properly
• C. Nylon socks are best to prevent friction on your toes from shoes
• D. Only a podiatrist should trim your toenails

Answer: (B)

In diabetes with sensory foot risk, the most important teaching point is about footwear that fits properly. When nerves in the feet are damaged, you may not feel pressure or developing sores as easily, so shoes that don’t fit well can create pressure points, blisters, and skin breakdown that can quickly lead to ulcers. Well-fitting shoes help distribute weight evenly, reduce friction, and protect vulnerable areas, which is why this instruction is the most protective single step you can teach.

Think about what “fits properly” means: enough room in the toe box to wiggle your toes, a length and width that aren’t tight, a secure heel that doesn’t slip, and smooth interior surfaces that don’t rub. Avoid shoes with seams or rough spots inside, and consider features like a soft, cushioned insole and a design that distributes pressure away from bony areas. It’s also wise to break in new footwear gradually and check for any irritation after wearing them.

Daily foot inspection and good hygiene are important supporting practices—they help you notice problems early and keep the skin clean and dry. However, they don’t prevent injury as effectively if the footwear itself creates friction points. Regarding socks, choose soft, breathable options to reduce moisture and irritation rather than assuming nylon socks are best. Nail trimming is important too, but it doesn’t have to be done only by a podiatrist; nails should be trimmed straight across and smooth to avoid snagging or digging into skin, and professional help can be sought if vision or sensation is poor or if you’re unsure how to trim safely.